北野成昭(キタノナルアキ) 作『獣医志Wiki』はクリエイティブ・コモンズ 表示 - 非営利 - 継承 4.0 国際 ライセンスで提供されています。
FIV
、[[Category:レトロウイルス]]
<html><a href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/geshtalt/15783833331" title="FIV by naruaki kitano, on Flickr"><img src="https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5603/15783833331_506efa5b56_z.jpg" width="640" height="423" alt="FIV"></a></html>
[[Category:伝染病学]]
;猫後天性免疫不全症:feline immunodeficiency virus infection
=== 疫学 ===
*咬傷による水平感染が考えられており、感染率は屋外飼育の雄猫に多い。
*色々な感染の基礎疾患や免疫が破綻することで不利益(腫瘍など)が生じるため、除外をすべきである。
=== ウイルスのターゲット ===
*B細胞、T細胞、単球に感染する
*血液検査上ではポリクローナル高γグロブリン血症によるTPの増加がみられる。
== FIV ==
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<p class="p1"><br></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="t1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" class="td1">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>病名</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td2">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>原因</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td3">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>伝播・疫学</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td4">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>症状（臨床・病理）</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td5">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>診断・類症鑑別</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td6">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>予防・治療</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td7">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>重要事項</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td8">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>その他メモ</b></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" valign="middle" class="td9">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>和名：</b></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>猫免疫不全ウイルス感染症</b></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>猫後天性免疫不全症</b></span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td10">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">和名：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">猫免疫不全ウイルス</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td11">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">感染様式：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">血液，唾液，精液中のウイルスが交尾やけんかの際の咬傷により伝播</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td12">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">臨床：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">急性期：発熱，リンパ節腫大</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">無症状期：ウイルスが持続感染しているが無症状</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">PGL期：一部の猫では持続性全身性リンパ節症</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">ARC期：歯肉炎，口内炎，上部気道炎などの慢性疾患</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">AIDS期：免疫不全に起因する各種日和見感染または腫瘍，著しい体重減少</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" valign="top" class="td13">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">診断：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">PCRによるプロウイルスDNAの検出</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td14">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">予防：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">米国で不活化ワクチンが開発された。日本でも2008年に販売開始。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">感染猫の隔離と未感染猫の室内飼育。</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" valign="top" class="td15">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">１． 免疫不全ウイルスを原因とし，長い無症状期を経て発症</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">２．発症した場合は予後不良</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" valign="top" class="td16">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">潜伏期：急性期の後，数年から10年以上の無症状期</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">予後：免疫不全を発症した猫は数カ月以内に死亡</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="td17">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">世界：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">世界中</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="td18">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">日本：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">あり。日本での感染猫の比率は比較的高い。</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td19">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">血清学的診断：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">ELISA，蛍光抗体法，ウエスタンブロットによる特異抗体の検出(＝ウイルス陽性)</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" class="td20">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>英名：</b></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>feline immunodeficiency virus infection</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td21">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">英名：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">Retroviridae, Orthoretrovirinae, Lentivirus</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td18">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">宿主：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">猫</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td22">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">病理：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">リンパ節：濾胞過形成→萎縮，リンパ球の減少</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td19">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">類症鑑別：</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td23">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">治療：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">対症療法</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="p4"><br></p>
</body>
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