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牛流行熱

13,539 バイト追加、2015年3月4日 (水) 09:39
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[[Category:届出伝染病]]
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<p class="p1"><br></p>
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="t1">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" class="td1">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>病名</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td2">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>原因</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td3">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>伝播・疫学</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td4">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>症状（臨床・病理）</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td5">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>診断・類症鑑別</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td6">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>予防・治療</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td7">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>重要事項</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="middle" class="td8">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>その他メモ</b></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3" valign="middle" class="td9">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>和名：</b></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>牛流行熱</b></span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td10">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">和名：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">牛流行熱ウイルス</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td11">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">感染様式：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">ヌカカなどの吸血昆虫媒介，風伝播</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td12">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">臨床：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・一過性の発熱，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・呼吸速迫，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・食欲の減少，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">流涙・泡沫性流涎，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・肺胞破裂や肺葉断裂による皮下気腫,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・関節痛</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">(関節に浮腫、よって疼痛により→起立不能，跛行)，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・泌乳の停止，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・反芻停止，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・皮筋の震戦(ふるえ)。</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="2" valign="top" class="td13">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">診断：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">洗浄血球液を乳のみマウス，同ハムスターの脳内に接種，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">あるいはBHK21細胞またはHmLu?-1細胞に接種してウイルスを分離。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">RT-PCRによる遺伝子診断。</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="3" valign="top" class="td14">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">予防：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">流行期前までに生ワクチンで基礎免疫。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">不活化ワクチンで免疫増強(LK方式)。</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" valign="top" class="td15">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">１．ヌカカなどの吸血昆虫媒介</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">２．一過性の発熱，呼吸促迫，関節の浮腫・疼痛，間質性肺気腫</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">３．ワクチンで予防</span></p>
</td>
<td rowspan="4" valign="top" class="td16">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">潜伏期：３～８日</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">予後：３～４日の経過で予後は一般に良性。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">急性経過で死亡した例は急性肺気腫による窒息死。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">経済的損失が大きい</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="td17">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">世界：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">熱帯，亜熱帯および温帯地方の一部</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">アフリカ、</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">中近東、</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">アジア、</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">オーストラリアなど</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="td18">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">日本：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">あり(関東以西→新潟・福島などの北緯38度以南)，夏から秋に発生</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td19">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">血清学的診断：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">CF反応,中和テスト→抗体検出</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="middle" class="td20">
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>英名：</b></span></p>
<p class="p2"><span class="s1"><b>bovine ephemeral fever</b></span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td21">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">英名：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">Rhabdoviridae</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">Ephemerovirus</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td22">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">宿主：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">牛，水牛</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td23">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">病理：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・上部気道粘膜の充血・浮腫,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・肺の退縮不全,<span class="Apple-converted-space"> </span></span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・巣状カタル性肺炎，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・間質性肺気腫。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・全身リンパ節の腫脹・充血・浮腫。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・関節の腫大と関節液の増量，関節炎。</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td24">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">類症鑑別：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・牛ウイルス性下痢・粘膜病，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・クラミジア病，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・イバラキ病，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・パラインフルエンザ，</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">・牛RSウイルス病</span></p>
</td>
<td valign="top" class="td25">
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">治療：</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">対症療法で消炎剤の投与や補液。</span></p>
<p class="p3"><span class="s1">起立不能牛には褥瘡と二次感染の防止処置。</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p class="p1"><br></p>
</body>
</html>
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